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HARMONEY CREATIONS LTD. |
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Where to Use Polymers |
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1. Raw Water Treatments
Advantages of Polymer Use in Raw Water :- Produce no additional solids, reduce waste sludge volume. Do not add significant amounts of dissolved ions in water. Can increase duration of demineralizer runs. Can increase clarifier throughput by producing larger, faster settling floc. Work over a wide pH range without altering system pH, often eliminating need for chemicals to adjust pH.
2. Process Water Treatments
Use of Polymers in Process Water Treatment : - Removal of unwanted material from a liquid stream containing a soluble desired product. Recovery of a solid product from a liquid stream. Recovery of water for reuse.
3. Waste Water Treatments
Advantages of Polymers in Waste Water Treatment : - Solids removal to meet effluent guidelines. Produce no additional solids, reduce waste sludge volume. Can increase clarifier throughput by producing larger, faster settling floc. Can result in reuse quality water. Work over wide pH range without altering system pH, often eliminating need for chemicals to adjust pH. |
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SLUDGE TREATMENT - Thickening / Dewatering |
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The solid material, separated from water in the process of clarification, is called sludge. Great quantities of polymeric flocculants are used to dewater sludge in order to produce a product that can be disposed of economically. The mechanical equipment used to
dewater sludge includes sludge thickening tanks, centrifuges, vacuum filters, and filter presses.
It is difficult to predict which flocculant will do the job most economically. Therefore, bench testing the flocculants in cylinder or Funnel tests is of prime importance before proposing a material for limited full scale tests.
Jar tests are used to best advantage in the study of clarification. Type of equipment most generally simulated in jar tests are the following:
1. Fresh water clarifiers - suspended solids and color removal.
2. Lime softening equipment - suspended solids removal, silica removal.
3. Primary waste treatment clarifiers - suspended solids, color, BOD and phosphorous removal.
4. Secondary waste treatment clarifiers - suspended solids, color, BOD and phosphorous removal.
5. Dissolved air flotation units - suspended solids removal.
6. Save alls in the Pulp and Paper Industry - suspended solids removal. |
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JAR TEST EQUIPMENT |
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When jar testing it is convenient to have the following reagents and equipment with you, or access to same at plant site.
• Gang Stirrer or jar tester capable of simultaneously stirring several beakers of test water.
• Beakers for gang stirrer large enough to conveniently hold 500 ml water samples, i.e., 800-1000 ml beakers.
• Graduated 1 ml and 5 ml pipettes.
• Syringes (without needles) for the viscous liquid polymers. (3 ml size)
• A 500 or 1000 ml graduated cylinder.
• A balance to weigh out 0.5 or 1.0 gm samples of powdered polymer.
• A mixing device (not a Waring Blender) to solubilize powdered polymer.
• A 10% solution of alum. 100,000 ppm.
• A 10% slurry or solution of other inorganic coagulants such as ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, sodium aluminate, etc., as required.
• Polymers
• Jar test Data Sheets to record results. |
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POLYMER SOLUTION PREPARATION |
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Liquid - Liquid polymers are easily prepared by dilution with water. Several of the liquid anionic polymers are very high molecular weight products that will allow solution strengths to 2.0% maximum.
Liquid cationic products can be made up in virtually any concentration.
Typically, 0.1% to 0.5% solutions are prepared for clarification tests. Higher solution strengths are recommended for sludge dewatering studies. Solutions must be made weekly. If solutions are stored in a hot auto trunk they should be made up daily. When polymer solutions can be made up in concentrations of 1.0% or greater they may be stored for several weeks. All solutions of polymer store best at refrigerator temperature.
Syringes are conveniently used to measure out viscous liquid polymers to obtain positive volume displacement not obtained with a pipette.
Test Solution Preparation - 0.1%
By employing a stirrer that has been fitted to a 1000 ml beaker containing 500 ml of water, slowly add 0.5 gram of polymer to the edge of the vortex and continue stirring until solubilization is complete.
NOTE - Violent agitation and high mixer blade tip speeds as produced by Waring Blenders are not recommended for any polymer solution preparation.
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